Why Minimal Guidance During Instruction Does Not Work: An Analysis of the Failure of Constructivist, Discovery, Problem-Based, Experiential, and Inquiry-Based Teaching By: Paul A. Kirschner, John Sweller, Richard E. Clark
There are several teaching methods that different instructors use. Also, every individual has his own learning style. These learning styles enable the individual to understand the concepts using his own strategy. Because of this, we cannot say that the teaching style of the instructor is to blame when students do not easily understand the concepts that are given to them. In the article, it was argued that the guidance that the instructor is able to provide during the time that the student is exposed to the problem will determine the degree of understanding that the student will have on the concept being thought.
The efficacy of teaching is not evaluated through the teaching style or the resources of the instructor. There are different factors to consider when teaching students. One is how the students perceive the topics that they should learn. In a study that was conducted by Brydges et al (2009), it was said that the method of teaching and the materials used in teaching will not determine the degree of learning that the students will have. It is the motivation and the will of the students that will enable them to learn the concepts that they are expected to understand. Therefore, in ensuring the understanding of the students on the topics, the instructor must consider the interest and the motivation of the students. The instructor must be the first one to give motivations and to give the students inspired and interested in the topic to be learned.
Another factor that should be considered by the instructor is the learning styles of the students. Each student has a different learning style. When concepts are thought according to the learning style of the students, the interest and understanding rises. The use of learning styles was the focus of the study conducted by Kazu (2009). Kazu found out that the use of different learning styles will determine the best way of learning for the students. He also stated that in order to consider the right teaching style, the instructor must first determine the learning styles of the students.
References:
Brydges, R., Carnahan, H., Safir, O., & Dubrowski, A. (2009). How effective is self-guided learning of clinical technical skills? It's all about process. Medical Education, 43(6), 507-515. Retrieved from CINAHL Plus with Full Text database
Kazu, İ. (2009). The Effect of Learning Styles on Education and the Teaching Process. Journal of Social Sciences (15493652), 5(2), 85-94. Retrieved from Academic Source Complete database.
Kirschner, P., Sweller, J., & Clark, R. (2006). Why Minimal Guidance During Instruction Does Not Work: An Analysis of the Failure of Constructivist, Discovery, Problem-Based, Experiential, and Inquiry-Based Teaching. Educational Psychologist, 41(2), 75-86. doi:10.1207/s15326985ep4102_1.
There are several teaching methods that different instructors use. Also, every individual has his own learning style. These learning styles enable the individual to understand the concepts using his own strategy. Because of this, we cannot say that the teaching style of the instructor is to blame when students do not easily understand the concepts that are given to them. In the article, it was argued that the guidance that the instructor is able to provide during the time that the student is exposed to the problem will determine the degree of understanding that the student will have on the concept being thought.
The efficacy of teaching is not evaluated through the teaching style or the resources of the instructor. There are different factors to consider when teaching students. One is how the students perceive the topics that they should learn. In a study that was conducted by Brydges et al (2009), it was said that the method of teaching and the materials used in teaching will not determine the degree of learning that the students will have. It is the motivation and the will of the students that will enable them to learn the concepts that they are expected to understand. Therefore, in ensuring the understanding of the students on the topics, the instructor must consider the interest and the motivation of the students. The instructor must be the first one to give motivations and to give the students inspired and interested in the topic to be learned.
Another factor that should be considered by the instructor is the learning styles of the students. Each student has a different learning style. When concepts are thought according to the learning style of the students, the interest and understanding rises. The use of learning styles was the focus of the study conducted by Kazu (2009). Kazu found out that the use of different learning styles will determine the best way of learning for the students. He also stated that in order to consider the right teaching style, the instructor must first determine the learning styles of the students.
References:
Brydges, R., Carnahan, H., Safir, O., & Dubrowski, A. (2009). How effective is self-guided learning of clinical technical skills? It's all about process. Medical Education, 43(6), 507-515. Retrieved from CINAHL Plus with Full Text database
Kazu, İ. (2009). The Effect of Learning Styles on Education and the Teaching Process. Journal of Social Sciences (15493652), 5(2), 85-94. Retrieved from Academic Source Complete database.
Kirschner, P., Sweller, J., & Clark, R. (2006). Why Minimal Guidance During Instruction Does Not Work: An Analysis of the Failure of Constructivist, Discovery, Problem-Based, Experiential, and Inquiry-Based Teaching. Educational Psychologist, 41(2), 75-86. doi:10.1207/s15326985ep4102_1.